The Return of a Critical Species
After a decade of absence, the white-backed vulture (Gyps bengalensis), a critically endangered species, has been spotted again in the Lomphat Wildlife Sanctuary in Cambodia. This conservation milestone is a notable achievement, but it comes at a time when the sanctuary is facing new threats from mining operations and hydropower dams.
During a census conducted in June 2026, researchers recorded the presence of the white-backed vulture at a supplementary feeding station, known as a "vulture restaurant", operated by the NatureLife Cambodia NGO. The census also confirmed the presence of five red-headed vultures (Sarcogyps calvus), including two juveniles — a sign of successful breeding in the sanctuary.
Why This Matters
The return of the white-backed vulture shows that conservation efforts are paying off, improving habitat conditions and ensuring a reliable food source, according to Bou Vorsak, CEO of NatureLife Cambodia. However, the Veal Kambor Community Protected Area, a zone designed to balance local livelihoods with forest management, is being dismantled by industrial interests at the same time.
Mongabay previously reported that, since 2020, the Cambodian government has granted at least five mining concessions to companies in community-protected areas adjacent to the Lomphat sanctuary. Satellite images and on-the-ground reports indicate that companies like CHHC Investment Co. continue to mine marble in conservation zones, despite licenses for this work having expired in 2022.
Mechanism and Science Behind the Disappearance and Return
The disappearance and return of the white-backed vulture are related to environmental and human factors. Habitat loss, hunting, and poisoning by diclofenac, a veterinary medicine, are some of the main threats to the survival of these birds. The creation of "vulture restaurants" and habitat conservation are crucial measures for the recovery of these species.
Broader Context
The return of the white-backed vulture to the Lomphat sanctuary is an isolated event, but it reflects broader trends in biodiversity conservation. Biodiversity loss and environmental degradation are global problems that require coordinated efforts to be mitigated. The conservation of endangered species and the protection of natural habitats are essential for maintaining healthy and resilient ecosystems.
What Happens Next
The next steps include continuing conservation efforts and expanding protected areas. Additionally, it is essential to address industrial threats and ensure that local communities are involved and compensated for conservation initiatives. The construction of the Lower Srepok 3 hydropower dam is a significant threat that needs to be assessed and mitigated to protect the sanctuary and its species.
Conclusions and Future Challenges
The return of the white-backed vulture to the Lomphat sanctuary is a notable achievement, but it also highlights the persistent challenges in biodiversity conservation. It is essential that conservation efforts are supported by effective policies and community participation to protect natural habitats and endangered species.
Source / Reference
This article was originally published on Mongabay.